Complex numbers can be represented as points in the plane, using the cor-respondence x + iy ↔ (x, y). Click theory notes complex number maths.pdf link to view the file. Complex Numbers. Step Study handwritten notes... (0) Answer. (Electrical engineers sometimes write jinstead of i, because they want to reserve i numbers and pure imaginary numbers are special cases of complex numbers. Also we assume i2 1 since The set of complex numbers contain 1 2 1. s the set of all real numbers… Dividing Complex Numbers Dividing complex numbers is similar to the rationalization process i.e. The representation is known as the Argand diagram or complex plane. Section 2.1 – Complex Numbers—Rectangular Form The standard form of a complex number is a + bi where a is the real part of the number and b is the imaginary part, and of course we define i 1. 1 Complex numbers and Euler’s Formula 1.1 De nitions and basic concepts The imaginary number i: i p 1 i2 = 1: (1) Every imaginary number is expressed as a real-valued multiple of i: p 9 = p 9 p 1 = p The real complex numbers lie on the x–axis, which is then called the real axis, while the imaginary numbers lie on the Dividing by a complex number: Multiply top and bottom of the fraction by the complex conjugate of the denominator so that it becomes real, then do as above. Skip Notes. The imaginary part, therefore, is a real number! If a = a + bi is a complex number, then a is called its real part, notation a = Re(a), and b is called its imaginary part, notation b = Im(a). This is termed the algebra of complex numbers. For instance, given the two complex numbers, z a i zc i 12=+=00 + Notes on Complex Numbers University of British Columbia, Vancouver Yue-Xian Li March 17, 2015 1. Note that the formulas for addition and multiplication of complex numbers give the standard real number formulas as well. Note : Every real number is a complex number with 0 as its imaginary part. Having introduced a complex number, the ways in which they can be combined, i.e. Multiplication of complex numbers will eventually be de ned so that i2 = 1. the imaginary numbers. addition, multiplication, division etc., need to be defined. we multiply and divide the fraction with the complex conjugate of the denominator, so that the resulting fraction does not have in the denominator. Dividing by a real number: divide the real part and divide the imaginary part. The complex numbers are denoted by Z , i.e., Z = a + bi. COMPLEX NUMBERS, EULER’S FORMULA 2. Mathematics Notes; ... Can you upload notes also. Examples: 3+4 2 = 3 2 +4 2 =1.5+2 4−5 3+2 = 4−5 3+2 ×3−2 3−2 You will see that, in general, you proceed as in real numbers, but using i 2 =−1 where appropriate. Complex numbers Complex numbers are expressions of the form x+ yi, where xand yare real numbers, and iis a new symbol. Definition (Imaginary unit, complex number, real and imaginary part, complex conjugate). 7.3 Properties of Complex Number: (i) The two complex numbers a + bi and c + di are equal if and only if Complex numbers often are denoted by the letter z or by Greek letters like a (alpha). But first equality of complex numbers must be defined. COMPLEX NUMBERS AND DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 3 3. In coordinate form, Z = (a, b). We then write z = x +yi or a = a +bi. 18.03 LECTURE NOTES, SPRING 2014 BJORN POONEN 7. Above we noted that we can think of the real numbers as a subset of the complex numbers. **The product of complex conjugates is always a real number. Table of contents. Skip Table of contents. 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